World Stroke Day 2023: Know Everything From Risk Factors To Improving Strength After A Stroke

World Stroke Day is an annual global observance dedicated to raising awareness about strokes, their risk factors, and recovery strategies. Strokes, often referred to as “brain attacks,” are a leading cause of disability and death worldwide. Common risk factors include high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, and obesity. Recognizing the signs of a stroke (FAST: Face drooping, Arm weakness, Speech difficulty) is crucial for timely treatment. Stroke survivors can improve their strength and functionality through rehabilitation, physical therapy, and lifestyle changes. World Stroke Day serves as a vital platform to educate the public on stroke prevention and post-stroke recovery.

Dr. Shivaram Rao K, Consultant Neuro Physician, Yashoda Hospitals Hyderabad explains the few stroke risk factors and that has to be monitored in a person once he gets stroke:

1. High blood pressure: hypertension is a major risk factor for stroke. It is important to monitor and manage your blood pressure to reduce the risk.
2. Smoking: smoking damages blood vessels and increases the likelihood of clot formation, which can lead to a stroke. Quitting smoking is crucial for stroke prevention.
3. High cholesterol: elevated levels of cholesterol can cause plaque buildup in the arteries, leading to narrowed blood vessels and an increased risk of stroke. Maintain a healthy diet and consider medication if necessary.
4. Diabetes: uncontrolled diabetes can damage blood vessels and increase the risk of stroke. Manage your blood sugar levels through diet, exercise, and medication.
5. Obesity: being overweight or obese can contribute to various risk factors for stroke, such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and diabetes. Maintain a healthy weight through a balanced diet and regular exercise.
6. Physical inactivity: leading a sedentary lifestyle increases the risk of stroke. Engage in regular physical activity to improve overall cardiovascular health.
7. Excessive alcohol consumption: heavy drinking can raise blood pressure and increase the risk of stroke. Limit alcohol intake to moderate levels (up to one drink per day for women and two drinks per day for men).
8. Atrial fibrillation: this heart condition can cause blood clots to form in the heart, which can travel to the brain and cause a stroke. If you have atrial fibrillation, follow your healthcare provider’s recommendations for treatment and management.

Dr. Shivaram Rao K shares some tips for improving strength after a brain stroke. Here’s what we can do:

1. Physical TherapyEngaging in physical therapy is crucial for regaining strength after a stroke. A skilled physical therapist can create a personalized exercise program that focuses on improving muscle strength and coordination. Work closely with your therapist to follow the recommended exercises and techniques.
2. Range of Motion ExercisesPerforming range of motion exercises helps maintain and improve joint flexibility. These exercises involve moving each joint through its full range of motion, promoting circulation and preventing contractures or stiffness.
3. Strength TrainingGradually incorporating strength training exercises can help rebuild muscle strength. Start with light resistance and slowly increase as tolerated. Focus on targeting specific muscle groups affected by the stroke. It’s essential to perform these exercises under the guidance of a therapist to ensure proper form and safety.
4. Balance and Coordination ExercisesStroke survivors often experience difficulties with balance and coordination. Engaging in exercises that challenge your balance, such as standing on one leg or using balance boards, can help improve stability and prevent falls. Physical therapists can guide you through these exercises safely.
5. Functional ActivitiesIncorporate everyday activities into your rehabilitation routine. Tasks like getting dressed, cooking, or doing household chores can help improve overall strength and coordination while promoting greater independence.
6. Cardiovascular ExerciseEngaging in cardiovascular exercises, such as walking, swimming, or stationary cycling, can help improve cardiovascular fitness and overall endurance. Start with short sessions and gradually increase the duration and intensity of your workouts as your fitness level improves.
7. Assistive DevicesDepending on your specific needs, your healthcare provider may recommend the use of assistive devices like canes, walkers, or braces to assist with mobility and stability. Properly using these devices can facilitate movement and enhance safety during your recovery.
8. Stay ConsistentConsistency is key when it comes to improving strength after a stroke. Aim to incorporate regular exercise sessions into your daily routine to maximize benefits. However, always listen to your body and don’t push yourself beyond your limits.
9. Home modificationscreate a safe environment by removing clutter, using handrails, and installing grab bars in bathrooms to increase independence and reduce the risk of accidents.

It’s crucial to work closely with your healthcare team, including physical and occupational therapists, to create a customized plan that suits your individual needs. They can provide ongoing guidance, monitor your progress, and make any necessary adjustments to ensure optimal recovery.